Refrigerants are crucial in the performance and efficiency of residential HVAC systems. This article delves into the various refrigerants used in modern air conditioning and heat pumps, highlighting the most common types, manufacturers’ recommendations, and industry endorsements. We’ll explore the patents and ownership of these refrigerants, evaluate their efficiency, and weigh the pros and cons of each. Additionally, we will discuss future refrigerants and the controversies surrounding major players like Daikin, Carrier, and Trane. Stay tuned to uncover the intriguing details behind these essential HVAC components.